Nestled deep within New Zealand’s Fiordland National Park, Milford Sound is a natural wonder renowned for its towering cliffs, lush rainforests, and cascading waterfalls. But beyond the dramatic landscapes, Milford Sound is also home to a rich variety of wildlife, offering visitors a unique opportunity to witness some of New Zealand’s most iconic and rare creatures in their natural habitat. Whether you’re cruising through the fiord or exploring on foot, here’s a guide to the wildlife you can expect to see during your visit to Milford Sound.
Seals: The Masters of the Rocks
One of the most common and delightful wildlife encounters in Milford Sound is with the New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri). These playful marine mammals are often seen basking on the rocks, particularly at Seal Rock, one of the fiord’s most famous wildlife hotspots.
Best time for sightings: Seals can be spotted year-round in Milford Sound. However, they are particularly active during the cooler months, when they come ashore to rest and breed. Early morning and late afternoon are prime times to see them lounging on the rocks or playing in the water.
Where to see them: The best place to view seals is from a cruise. Most tours pass by Seal Rock, which is located near the mouth of Milford Sound, where the seals sunbathe and feed in the surrounding waters.
Dolphins: Playful Companions of the Sea
Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are another of Milford Sound’s most beloved residents. Known for their acrobatic displays and social behavior, these intelligent creatures often ride the bow waves of boats, delighting visitors with their playful antics. Sometimes, they can be seen in pods, gliding gracefully through the water or leaping above the surface.
Best time for sightings: Dolphins are most commonly seen during the warmer months of October to April, although they can occasionally be spotted year-round. They tend to be more active in the mornings, making early cruises a great option for those eager to see these magnificent mammals.
Where to see them: Like the seals, dolphins are best viewed from the water. Booking a cruise or kayaking tour increases your chances of a close encounter, especially if you’re on the lookout near the entrance to the fiord, where dolphins frequently patrol.
Fiordland Crested Penguins: Rare and Elusive
Among the rarest penguin species in the world, the Fiordland crested penguin (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus) is a special sighting for anyone lucky enough to encounter them. Known for their distinctive yellow crest and shy nature, these penguins nest in the dense temperate rainforests that surround Milford Sound. Their small population makes sightings a true treat for wildlife enthusiasts.
Best time for sightings: Fiordland crested penguins are migratory, and the best time to see them is during their breeding season from July to November. This is when they return to the fiord’s secluded beaches to lay eggs and raise their chicks.
Where to see them: The penguins are elusive and tend to avoid areas with heavy human traffic. However, small beaches along the water’s edge, particularly in Harrison Cove and Anita Bay, are good places to spot them during their breeding season.
Other Birdlife: A Haven for Rare Species
Milford Sound isn’t just home to marine mammals and penguins—it’s also a paradise for birdwatchers. The fiord’s lush rainforests and coastal areas provide a haven for several rare and endemic bird species.
Kea: The Alpine Parrot
The kea (Nestor notabilis), known for its intelligence and curiosity, is often spotted around Milford Sound. These large alpine parrots have olive-green plumage with vibrant orange under their wings and are known to approach humans, especially near parking areas and rest stops.
Best time for sightings: Kea can be seen year-round. They are especially active during daylight hours and are often found near the Homer Tunnel, en route to Milford Sound, where they are known for investigating cars and camping gear.
Tūī and Bellbirds: Sweet Singers of the Forest
The melodious songs of the tūī (Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae) and bellbird (Anthornis melanura) fill the forests surrounding Milford Sound. These native birds can be seen flitting between the trees, often feeding on nectar from native plants such as flax and kānuka.
Best time for sightings: Both tūī and bellbirds are present year-round, but spring (September to November) and summer (December to February) are particularly good times to spot them as they feed on the abundant flowers.
Best Spots for Wildlife Watching
While wildlife can be spotted throughout Milford Sound, certain areas are known for higher concentrations of animals:
- Seal Rock: The best place to view New Zealand fur seals lounging on the rocks.
- Harrison Cove: A peaceful area where you might spot Fiordland crested penguins during breeding season.
- Anita Bay: Another good spot for penguin sightings, as well as the occasional dolphin.
- Bowen Falls and Stirling Falls: Popular stops on most cruises, these waterfalls also attract a range of birdlife and marine creatures.
Tips for Responsible Wildlife Viewing
While it’s exciting to encounter Milford Sound’s unique wildlife, it’s important to remember that these creatures are part of a fragile ecosystem. Here are a few tips to ensure your wildlife experience is both enjoyable and responsible:
- Keep a safe distance: Always observe wildlife from a distance to avoid disturbing the animals. Binoculars or zoom lenses are great tools for a closer look without getting too close.
- Stay quiet: Loud noises can startle animals, especially birds. Keep noise levels low and enjoy the sounds of nature.
- Respect the environment: Stick to designated paths and follow the guidelines provided by your guide or cruise operator to minimize your impact on the ecosystem.
Final Thoughts
Milford Sound’s wildlife is a testament to the untouched beauty of Fiordland. Whether you’re enchanted by the playful dolphins, awestruck by the majestic seals, or lucky enough to spot a rare penguin, your visit to Milford Sound is sure to be an unforgettable experience. By planning your trip around the best times and spots for wildlife viewing, and taking care to respect the natural environment, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for this extraordinary corner of the world.
